Tanzania statistics from UNICEF

Total population (2009): 43,739,000 (314,659,000 USA)
Percent of population living in urban areas (2009): 26 percent (82 percent USA)
Population under 18 (2009): 22,416,000 (77,319,000 USA)
Population under 5 (2009): 7,792,000 (21,823,000 USA)
Population annual growth rate, 2000-2009: 3.1 percent, doubles every 23.2 years (1.1 percent USA, doubles every 65.5 years)
Number of births per year, per 1,000 population (2009): 41 (14 USA)
Number of deaths per year, per 1,000 population (2009): 11 (8 USA)

Average number of births (2009): 1,812,000 (4,413,000 USA)
Life expectancy at birth (2009): 56 (79 USA)
Probability of dying before age 1 (2009): 6.8 percent (0.7 percent USA)
Probability of dying before age 5 (2009): 10.8 percent (0.8 percent USA)

Gross national income per capita (2009): $500 ($47,240 USA)
Percent of total national income earned by the lowest 40 percent of income earners: 19 percent (16 percent USA)
Percent of total national income earned by the highest 20 percent of income earners: 42 percent (46 percent USA)
Average annual inflation rate, 1990-2009: 14 percent (2 percent USA)

Adult literacy rate (2005-08): 73 percent

Adult (age 15-49) HIV infection rate (2009): 5.6 percent (0.6 percent USA)
Number of people living with HIV (2009): 1,400,000 (1,200,000 USA)
Adolescent and young adult (15-24) HIV infection rate (2009): 2.8 percent (0.2 percent USA)
Adolescent and young adult male (15-24) HIV infection rate (2009): 1.7 percent (0.3 percent USA)
Adolescent and young adult female (15-24) HIV infection rate (2009): 3.9 percent (0.2 percent USA)
Number of children (0-17) orphaned by HIV/AIDS (2009): 1,300,000

Percent of population using improved drinking water sources (2008): 54 percent (99 percent USA)
Percent of urban population using improved drinking water sources (2008): 80 percent (100 percent USA)
Percent of rural population using improved drinking water sources (2008): 45 percent (94 percent USA)
Percent of population using improved sanitation facilities (2008): 24 percent (100 percent USA)
Percent of urban population using improved sanitation facilities (2008): 32 percent (100 percent USA)
Percent of rural population using improved sanitation facilities (2008): 21 percent (99 percent USA)

Sources: UNICEF, Tanzania, United Republic of, Statistics, http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/tanzania_statistics.html#78; UNICEF, United States of America, Statistics, http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/usa_statistics.html#79.